Teoría 7: Condicional

Would es el pasado de “will” en algunos casos y es un verbo modal auxiliar. Se forma sin ‘do’ y después de ‘would’ ponemos el infinitivo sin ‘to’.
I'd like some more whisky. / Quisiera un poco más de whisky
Would you like to go out with me on Saturday night? / ¿Te gustaría salir conmigo el sábado por la noche?
I wish you wouldn’t smoke. / Preferiría que no fumaras
- Would puede ser el pasado de ‘will’ en el estilo indirecto.
Se usa para hablar sobre ‘el futuro en el pasado’, cuando hablamos sobre un acción en el pasado que todavía no ha ocurrido en el tiempo del que estamos hablando.
When I saw her on the bus. I didn't know that I would fall in love with her.
Cuando la vi en el autobus, no sabía que me enamoraría de ella
I had no idea that they would offer me the job.
No tenía ni idea de que me ofrecerían el trabajo
- Would se usa como ‘will’ para pedir cosas, y ofrecer.
Would you sign here, please? / ¿Querría usted firmar aquí?
Would you like some chocolate cake? / ¿Le apetece un poco de pastel de chocolate?
I`d like to see you again /.Me gustaría volver a verte
Would you mind waiting in my office? / ¿Le importa esperar en mi oficina?
- También would puede indicar los habitos en el pasado y una firme voluntad en el pasado de hacer algo.
He would play football, rugby and tennis, but he hated playing golf.
Jugaba futbol, rugby y tenis, pero odiaba jugar golf.
My grandmother would sit in her room all day in a bad mood, and would only cheer up when she went to the casino.
Mi abuela solía sentarse en su habitación todo el día de mal humor, y solo levantaba el animo cuando se iba al casino.
- Pero no se puede usar el would cuando la acción ocurre en una sola ocasión en el pasado.
Comparar :
Bono sang at the concert last Sunday. / Bono cantó en el concierto el domingo pasado
(Y no Bono would sing at the concert last Sunday )
- Sin embargo, ‘would not’ se puede usar para indicar la negación de una ocasión.
I invited her to my flat, but she wouldn´t come. / Le invité a mi piso, pero ella no quiso venir
The bloody T.V. wouldn`t work last night. / No funcionaba el maldito televisor ayer por la noche
- Para criticar el comportamiento de la gente, se puede usar ‘would’. En esté caso se da más énfasis (stress) en el would.
“You were a good boy, but you WOULD leave your clothes all over the bedroom floor”
Eras un buen chico, pero siempre dejabas tu ropa en el suelo
“That`s typical of you, you WOULD go to the pub without leaving me a note!”.
¡Eso es típico de tí,te fuistes al pub sin dejarme una nota!
- ‘Would’, como ‘used to’, puede hablar de acciones repetidas y cosas en el pasado, pero no para referirse a estados como vivir, estar etc.
I used to play football in the park every Sunday. / Solia jugar futbol en el parque todos los domingos
I would play football in the park every Sunday. / Solia jugar futbol en el parque todos los domingos)
I used to live in London. / Solia vivir en londres
Pero no: I would live in London
- Would (y también should), como un verbo auxiliar, se usa con verbos que refieren a situaciones no reales o no ciertas. Se puede comparar con el subjuntivo en español. Aparecen mucho con las frases con ‘if’.
If I were a rich man, I'd build a big, tall house. / Si fuera rico, construíria una casa grande y alta
If I had a hammer, I'd hammer in the morning. / Si tubiera un martillo, martillearía por la mañana
If I ruled the world, every day would/should be the first day of spring.
Si gobernara el mundo, todos los días sería el primer día de la primavera
If I had known you were married, I wouldn´t have asked you to dinner.
Si hubiera sabido que estabas casada, no te habría invitado a cenar

Examen: Modelo A 1° año

NAME:…………………………………………………

English test
Level 1
1- Complete the sentences with the correct words:

Mobile phone – argue – sign – call – alphabet.

a) I use my _________________ to call my parents.
b) My brother and my sister don't agree about anything, they ____________ a lot.
c) People who can’t hear, can communicate with ______________ language.
d) We _________________ on the phone every day.
e) A, B, C are letters of the __________________.

2- Complete these sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use simple present or present continuous.

a) Babies always _______________ (learn) to speak the language of their parents.
b) My baby is just over a year old and she ___________ (start) to say a few words.
c) She ____________ (listen) to me when I talk to her and she ___________ (copy) me.
d) She ________________________ (not understand) my words but my voice and actions make the meaning clear.
e) But right now she ______________________ (not learning) anything. She ___________________ (sleep)

3- Choose the correct tense

a) Karen walks / is walking to school every day.
b) Jack’s in the gym. He plays / is playing basketball.
c) Louise likes / is liking ballet music very much.
d) Sarah does / is doing gym every day Thursday evening.
e) Sarah and Kathie have / are having a tennis lesson at the moment.

4- Write questions

a) ______________________________________ ?
No, Beth isn’t shouting, she is laughing.

b) _________________________________ ?
Yes, Andy is listening to the radio.

c) ___________________________________ ?
No, Kath and Sally aren’t arguing, they are talking.

Actividad 21: oraciones en futuro

1. Oraciones afirmativas con el Future Auxiliary will and shall:
   1. I shall call her up later.
   2. He will call for her before two o'clock.
   3. You will see her today.
   4. They will be back at at four o'clock.
   5. He will answer the phone.
   6. You will talk with her tomorrow.
   7. We shall bring something for dinner.
   8. We shall allow you to eat.
   9. They will do their homework.
   10. She will order some pizza.
   
   
2. Oraciones negativas con el Future Auxiliary:
   1. I shall not call her up later.
   2. He won't call for her before two o'clock.
   3. You will not see her today.
   4. They won't be back at four o'clock.
   5. He won't answer the phone.
   6. You won't talk with her tomorrow.
   7. We shall not bring something for dinner.
   8. We shall not allow you to eat.
   9. They won't do their homework.
   10. She won't order some pizza.
   
   
3. Oraciones interrogativas con el Future Auxiliary:
   1. Shall I call her up later?
   2. Will he call for her before two o'clock?
   3. Will you see her today?
   4. Will they be back at at four o'clock?
   5. Will he answer the phone?
   6. Will you talk with her tomorrow?
   7. Shall we bring something for dinner?
   8. Shall we allow you to eat?
   9. Will they do their homework?
   10. Will she order some pizza?

Actividad 20: oraciones en pasado simple

1. Oraciones afirmativas con el Simple Past Tense Did:
   1. I liked the movie last night.
   2. He pronounced the words well.
   3. You noticed Julia's new dress.
   4. You missed me last week.
   5. They arrived this morning.
   6. She used the correct word.
   7. We waited for you after class.
   8. She invited him to her party.
   9. I expected to see her yestErday.
   10. They received a letter this morning.
   
   
2. Oraciones negativas con el Simple Past Tense:
   1. I didn't like the movie last night.
   2. He didn't pronounce the words well.
   3. You didn't notice Julia's new dress.
   4. You didn't miss me last week.
   5. They didn't arrive this morning.
   6. She didn't use the correct word.
   7. We didn't wait for you after class.
   8. She didn't invite him to her party.
   9. I didn't expect to see her yesterday.
   10. They didn't receive a letter this morning.
   
   
3. Oraciones interrogativas con el Simple Past Tense:
   1. Did I like the movie last night?
   2. Did he pronounce the words well?
   3. Did you notice Julia's new dress?
   4. Did you miss me last week?
   5. Did they arrive this morning?
   6. Did she use the correct word?
   7. Did we wait for you after class?
   8. Did she invite him to her party?
   9. Did I expect to see her yesterday?
   10. Did they receive a letter this morning?

Actividad 19: oraciones en presente simple

1. Oraciones afirmativas en el Simple Present Tense Do and Does:
   1. He needs to learn French.
   2. They like to study Spanish.
   3. Juan has a good pronunciation.
   4. Maria and Julio want to live in Costa Rica.
   5. My friend has enough time.
   6. We need vegetables today.
   7. Norlan eats at two o'clock.
   8. They come to class early.
   9. We practice our English every day in the house.
   10. I understand you.
   
   
2. Oraciones negativas en el Simple Present Tense:
   1. He doesn't need to learn French.
   2. They don't like to study Spanish.
   3. Juan doesn't have a good pronunciation.
   4. Maria and Julio don't want to live in Costa Rica.
   5. My friend doesn't have enough time.
   6. We don't need vegetables today.
   7. Norlan doesn't eat at two o'clock.
   8. They don't come to class early.
   9. We don't practice our English every day in the house.
   10. I don't understand you.
   
   
3. Oraciones interrogativas en el Simple Present Tense:
   1. Does he need to learn French?
   2. Do they like to study Spanish?
   3. Does Juan have a good pronunciation?
   4. Do Maria and Julio want to live in Costa Rica?
   5. Does my friend have enough time?
   6. Do we need vegetables today?
   7. Does Norlan eat at two o'clock?
   8. Do they come to class early?
   9. Do we practice our English every day in the house?
   10. Do I understand you?

Actividad 18: oraciones en tiempo pasado

1. Oraciones afirmativas en el Past Tense con going to:
   1. I was going to see the doctor.
   2. She was going to leave the country.
   3. They were going to meet him.
   4. We were going to take care of the baby.
   5. You were going to watch t.v. this morning.
   6. He was going to drive the car.
   7. I was going to dance.
   8. She was going to work in the morning.
   9. They were going to study when you came.
   10. I was going to get some pills.
   
   
2. Oracione negativas en el Past Tense con going to:
   1. I wasn't going to see the doctor.
   2. She wasn't going to leave the country.
   3. They weren't going to meet him.
   4. We weren't going to take care of the baby.
   5. You weren't going to watch t.v. this morning.
   6. He wasn't going to drive the car.
   7. I wasn't going to dance.
   8. She wasn't going to work in the morning.
   9. They were't going to study whey you came.
   10. I wasn't going to get some pills.
   
   
3. Oraciones interrogativas en el Past Tense con going to:
   1. Was I going to see the doctor?
   2. Was she going to leave the country?
   3. Were they going to meet him?
   4. Were we going to take care of the baby?
   5. Were you going to watch t.v. this morning?
   6. Was he going to drive the car?
   7. Was I going to dance?
   8. Was she going to work in the morning?
   9. Were they going to study whey you came?
   10. Was I going to get some pills?

Actividad 17: oraciones en presente contínuo

1. Oraciones en forma afirmativa en el Present Tense con ing:
   1. The Institute of Education is giving scholarship this year.
   2. It's raining a little bit.
   3. It's raining a great deal in Canada.
   4. The bus is stopping there.
   5. We are learning the present tense now.
   6. Karen is speaking English very well.
   7. She always is wanting to practice it.
   8. He is learning a great deal this year.
   9. Mr. and Mrs. Garay are building a new house.
   10. I am eating meat now.
   
   
2. Oraciones en forma negativa en Present Tense con ing:
   1. The Instutute of Education isn't giving scholarship this year.
   2. It isn't raining a little bit.
   3. It isn't raining a great deal in Canada.
   4. The bus isn't stopping there.
   5. We aren't learning the present tense now.
   6. Karen isn't speaking English very well.
   7. She isn't always wanting to practice it.
   8. He isn't learning a great deal this year.
   9. Mr. and Mrs. Garay aren't building a new house.
   10. I am not eating meat now.
   
   
3. Oraciones en forma interrogativa en el Present Tense con ing:
   1. Is it the Institute of Education giving scholarship this year?
   2. Is it raining a little bit?
   3. Is it raining a great deal in Canada?
   4. Is the bus stopping there?
   5. Are we learning the present tense now?
   6. Is Karen speaking Englis very well?
   7. Is she always wanting to practice it?
   8. Is he learning a great deal this year?
   9. Are Mr. and Mrs Garay building a new house?
   10. Am I eating meat now?